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Formal Language Theory -
An introductory approach to the topic using many examples.
http://everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=113762 Formal Language Theory for Natural Language Processing -
A draft manuscript with chapters on set theory, regular languages, context free languages and the Chomsky hierarchy. [PDF]
http://www.helsinki.fi/esslli/courses/readers/K10.pdf The Chomsky Hierarchy of Formal Grammars -
A brief definition of the grammars which define the Chomsky hierarchy of families of languages.
http://www.spectrum.uni-bielefeld.de/Classes/Winter97/IntroCompPhon/compphon/node66.html A Hierarchy of Languages -
A brief discussion of context sensitive languages, recursively enumerable languages and languages with no grammars. Examples show these are not equivalent.
http://web.cecs.pdx.edu/~jhein/lectures/Section.14.2.pdf#search=%22context%20sensitive%20languages%22 Formal Language Theory -
A lecture on grammars, generating languages from grammars, the Chomsky classification and derivation trees. [PDF]
http://www.inf.unibz.it/~artale/Compiler/slide2.pdf Graduate Programming Languages -
Lecture notes from the University of San Francisco with examples from natural languages, parsing with YACC, the use of LL(k) grammars and the hierarchy of regular, LL(k), LR(k), context free, context sensitive and unrestricted grammars.
http://www.antlr.org/wiki/display/CS652/CS652+Home Lecture Notes -
Notes for a class at Virginia Tech covering formal languages and their connections with finite automata, pushdown automata and Turing machines.
http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~cs4114/lectures/index.html LING 106 Introduction to Formal Linguistics -
Lecture notes providing definitions, examples, theorems and problems. Course taught at University of Pennsylvania, Department of Linguistics.
http://www.ling.upenn.edu/courses/Fall_2006/ling106/Ling106.htm Grammars -
A set of slides on grammars and language generation, with examples including a grammar for an abbreviated C language.
http://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall2000/cs126/lectures/T3-4up.pdf#search=%22context%20sensitive%20languages%20compilers%22 Grammars and Parsing -
Description of several types of formal grammars for natural language processing, parse trees, and a number of parsing methods.
http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~billw/cs9414/notes/notes.html
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